Checking if the so-called "waterproof socks" which reportedly keep feet dry from outside elements, would also function well as a Vapor Barrier Liner to keep the outer sock and inner boot dry from foot perspiration?
For winter camping & especially winter alpinism, VBL liners for your feet can be invaluable. Most "waterproof socks" are not seam-sealed, they're usually made with a "waterproof-breathable" laminate & they're typically too thick for modern climbing boots. Anything "breathable" will defeat the point of VBL & allow water vapor, ie: your foot sweat, to soak your sock & inner boot.
Stick with something like the VBL sock from Rab, etc. Due to the fact technical climbing incorporates a lot more verticality than "hiking" per se, your feet are usually not generating enough body heat & blood flow to stay warm. The drier you keep your socks, the warmer your toes will stay. Think cold belays where you're wiggling your toes and/or doing squats to keep your toes warm. Another benefit of VBL is it keeps the inside of you boots bone dry, which will ease the type II fun of multi-day trips come morning.
If your adventure involves a lot more physical activity where your heart rate is excelled, ie: ski touring, winter hiking, etc., then VBL for your feet may not be optimal. You may encounter blister issues due to the high humidity within the VBL coupled with the constant motion of your foot. Another advocate for VBL is Andrew Skurka.
Five years of using vbl socks for mountaineering and splitboarding (in AT boots). No discomfort and no issues that Chris states (although I expected to find my foot a swamp).
“Waterproof” socks do not work as mentioned above. Produce bags are free and don’t cause any pressure point in a snug fitting ski boot like commercial vbl socks, of course that means consumption of plastic as well